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This module will explore how climate change and other anthropogenic activities are affecting life on earth. It will detail scientific research spanning disciplines and allow students to form arguments and interrogate the primary literature for evidence to back up their claims.

The module begins by introducing how researchers detect biodiversity, from surveys and drones to sequencing environmental DNA. We then explore evidence that the climate is changing, and what the consequences are for animals and plants, both individually and as parts of networks and ecosystems. Building on this, we then investigate evidence that climate change and an increasing population are changing agriculture across the world, with implications for food security, a well as how researchers are trying to combat this challenge. We then wrap up the module thinking about how researchers have responsibilities to carry out ethical, inclusive and equitable research.

This module will explore how climate change and other anthropogenic activities are affecting life on earth. It will detail scientific research spanning disciplines and allow students to form arguments and interrogate the primary literature for evidence to back up their claims.

The module begins by introducing how researchers detect biodiversity, from surveys and drones to sequencing environmental DNA. We then explore evidence that the climate is changing, and what the consequences are for animals and plants, both individually and as parts of networks and ecosystems. Building on this, we then investigate evidence that climate change and an increasing population are changing agriculture across the world, with implications for food security, a well as how researchers are trying to combat this challenge. We then wrap up the module thinking about how researchers have responsibilities to carry out ethical, inclusive and equitable research.

In this module you will explore and explain patterns of global biodiversity over space and time, affecting a wide variety of lineages. We will begin as 18th century natural historians, considering the impact of new discoveries, due to the invention of the microscope and a growing fossil record, which led Charles Darwin to propose a tree of life and evolution through natural selection as the mechanism for descent with modification.

We will then consider the impact of the work of Mendel to explain the process of inheritance, followed by the discovery of the structure of DNA and the mechanism of genetic inheritance within the cell. This will allow us to consider biodiversity from the perspective of Neo-Darwinists, following the modern synthesis at the start of the twentieth century, with an appreciation of the effect of selection at different ecological levels, from cells to individuals to populations to communities to ecosystem level.

We will end as 21st century biologists, applying what we have learned about evolution and ecology to investigating and understanding the world around us, using the present to explain the past and the future. We will apply our knowledge of population and ecosystem level effects to explain longer term evolutionary ecology trends, including predicting future changes.

In this module you will explore and explain patterns of global biodiversity over space and time, affecting a wide variety of lineages. We will begin as 18th century natural historians, considering the impact of new discoveries, due to the invention of the microscope and a growing fossil record, which led Charles Darwin to propose a tree of life and evolution through natural selection as the mechanism for descent with modification.

We will then consider the impact of the work of Mendel to explain the process of inheritance, followed by the discovery of the structure of DNA and the mechanism of genetic inheritance within the cell. This will allow us to consider biodiversity from the perspective of Neo-Darwinists, following the modern synthesis at the start of the twentieth century, with an appreciation of the effect of selection at different ecological levels, from cells to individuals to populations to communities to ecosystem level.

We will end as 21st century biologists, applying what we have learned about evolution and ecology to investigating and understanding the world around us, using the present to explain the past and the future. We will apply our knowledge of population and ecosystem level effects to explain longer term evolutionary ecology trends, including predicting future changes.

In this module you will explore and explain patterns of global biodiversity over space and time, affecting a wide variety of lineages. We will begin as 18th century natural historians, considering the impact of new discoveries, due to the invention of the microscope and a growing fossil record, which led Charles Darwin to propose a tree of life and evolution through natural selection as the mechanism for descent with modification.

We will then consider the impact of the work of Mendel to explain the process of inheritance, followed by the discovery of the structure of DNA and the mechanism of genetic inheritance within the cell. This will allow us to consider biodiversity from the perspective of Neo-Darwinists, following the modern synthesis at the start of the twentieth century, with an appreciation of the effect of selection at different ecological levels, from cells to individuals to populations to communities to ecosystem level.

We will end as 21st century biologists, applying what we have learned about evolution and ecology to investigating and understanding the world around us, using the present to explain the past and the future. We will apply our knowledge of population and ecosystem level effects to explain longer term evolutionary ecology trends, including predicting future changes.

Engineering plays a vital role in restoring mobility and improving quality of life through the design of orthopaedic implants and treatments. This module explores the biomechanics of the lower limb, providing an understanding of how engineering principles support the diagnosis, treatment and long-term performance of joint replacements.

You will investigate the structure and mechanical behaviour of bone and soft tissues across multiple length scales, developing an understanding of lower limb anatomy, movement and load transfer. Building on these foundations, you will examine the biomechanics of total joint replacement from both engineering and clinical perspectives, exploring implant function, failure mechanisms and the influence of materials selection and design on long-term performance. Throughout the module, you will strengthen your ability to apply engineering analysis to real healthcare challenges while considering the needs of both patients and clinicians.

By the end of the module, you will be able to evaluate orthopaedic implants using biomechanical principles and engineering analysis, preparing you for careers in medical device development, orthopaedic engineering and biomedical research.

Engineering plays a vital role in restoring mobility and improving quality of life through the design of orthopaedic implants and treatments. This module explores the biomechanics of the lower limb, providing an understanding of how engineering principles support the diagnosis, treatment and long-term performance of joint replacements.

You will investigate the structure and mechanical behaviour of bone and soft tissues across multiple length scales, developing an understanding of lower limb anatomy, movement and load transfer. Building on these foundations, you will examine the biomechanics of total joint replacement from both engineering and clinical perspectives, exploring implant function, failure mechanisms and the influence of materials selection and design on long-term performance. Throughout the module, you will strengthen your ability to apply engineering analysis to real healthcare challenges while considering the needs of both patients and clinicians.

By the end of the module, you will be able to evaluate orthopaedic implants using biomechanical principles and engineering analysis, preparing you for careers in medical device development, orthopaedic engineering and biomedical research.

Engineering plays a vital role in restoring mobility and improving quality of life through the design of orthopaedic implants and treatments. This module explores the biomechanics of the lower limb, providing an understanding of how engineering principles support the diagnosis, treatment and long-term performance of joint replacements.

You will investigate the structure and mechanical behaviour of bone and soft tissues across multiple length scales, developing an understanding of lower limb anatomy, movement and load transfer. Building on these foundations, you will examine the biomechanics of total joint replacement from both engineering and clinical perspectives, exploring implant function, failure mechanisms and the influence of materials selection and design on long-term performance. Throughout the module, you will strengthen your ability to apply engineering analysis to real healthcare challenges while considering the needs of both patients and clinicians.

By the end of the module, you will be able to evaluate orthopaedic implants using biomechanical principles and engineering analysis, preparing you for careers in medical device development, orthopaedic engineering and biomedical research.

Engineering plays a vital role in restoring mobility and improving quality of life through the design of orthopaedic implants and treatments. This module explores the biomechanics of the lower limb, providing an understanding of how engineering principles support the diagnosis, treatment and long-term performance of joint replacements.

You will investigate the structure and mechanical behaviour of bone and soft tissues across multiple length scales, developing an understanding of lower limb anatomy, movement and load transfer. Building on these foundations, you will examine the biomechanics of total joint replacement from both engineering and clinical perspectives, exploring implant function, failure mechanisms and the influence of materials selection and design on long-term performance. Throughout the module, you will strengthen your ability to apply engineering analysis to real healthcare challenges while considering the needs of both patients and clinicians.

By the end of the module, you will be able to evaluate orthopaedic implants using biomechanical principles and engineering analysis, preparing you for careers in medical device development, orthopaedic engineering and biomedical research.

This module will provide an insight into the engineering based problems faced in orthopaedic biomechanics, through a detailed study of intact lower limb and the lower limb pre- and post- total joint replacement. You will gain an understanding of the structure of bone from the micro scale through to the full construct level, the major bones and tissues in the lower limb, their structure property relationships, and their kinematics. This knowledge will underpin your understanding of the replaced joint and its function, from an engineering perspective and from a surgical perspective. Finally, you will learn about the modes of failure of the replaced joint, and what can be done to prevent failure based on clinical experience, materials selection and design.